Which of the following sites is most commonly used for intraosseous access?

The proximal tibia is the most commonly used site for intraosseous access due to several key factors related to its anatomy and accessibility. This area provides a large and easily identifiable bone that is relatively superficial, making it easier to gain access with an intraosseous needle. The proximity of the proximal tibia to major vascular structures also facilitates effective medication and fluid delivery directly into the vascular system.

Additionally, the use of the proximal tibia minimizes the risk of potential damage to vital structures found in other sites, making it a safer choice for paramedics and emergency responders who need to establish rapid access in critical situations where intravenous access might be challenging. The proximal tibia's consistent anatomical landmarks further enhance its reliability as a site for intraosseous access, contributing to its frequent selection and use in emergency medical practice. Other sites, while possible, may not offer the same level of efficiency and safety that the proximal tibia does.