What is the primary treatment for anaphylactic shock?

The primary treatment for anaphylactic shock is the administration of epinephrine. Anaphylaxis is a severe and potentially life-threatening allergic reaction that can cause symptoms such as swelling, difficulty breathing, and a drastic drop in blood pressure. Epinephrine is a potent vasoconstrictor and bronchodilator that helps to quickly reverse these symptoms.

When epinephrine is given, it works by narrowing blood vessels to increase blood pressure and improving blood flow to vital organs. Simultaneously, it relaxes the muscles around the airways, making it easier for the person to breathe. The rapid action of epinephrine is critical during anaphylaxis, which can progress quickly to more severe complications if not treated immediately.

While antihistamines, corticosteroids, and oxygen therapy may play supportive roles in the management of allergic reactions and anaphylaxis, they are not the primary treatment. Antihistamines can help relieve some milder allergic symptoms but do not address the life-threatening aspects of anaphylaxis. Corticosteroids are often used in a secondary role to reduce inflammation over time but do not provide immediate relief. Oxygen therapy can assist with breathing difficulties but is not a standalone treatment for the underlying reaction occurring in anaphylaxis.