What is the correct compression to ventilation ratio in adult CPR?

In adult cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), the recommended compression to ventilation ratio is 30:2. This means that for every 30 chest compressions delivered, 2 rescue breaths should be given. This ratio has been established to optimize blood flow and oxygenation during cardiac arrest, ensuring that the heart and vital organs receive adequate perfusion while also providing sufficient ventilation for the patient.

The rationale behind this specific ratio is based on studies that have shown that higher rates of chest compressions, coupled with minimal interruptions for ventilation, produce better outcomes during resuscitation efforts. The focus is primarily on maintaining high-quality chest compressions, which provide the essential circulation needed to sustain life until further medical support is available.

This 30:2 ratio applies to single-rescuer CPR. In cases where there are two rescuers, the ratio remains the same for adults; however, the timing and technique may differ slightly to ensure efficiency and effectiveness in delivering both compressions and ventilations.

In contrast, the other specified ratios do not align with current guidelines. For example, the 15:2 ratio is outdated and not used in adult CPR practices. The 20:2 ratio also does not reflect optimal treatment, and 10: