What are the indications for administering nitroglycerin?

The administration of nitroglycerin is primarily indicated in cases of chest pain that is suspected to be of cardiac origin, such as angina or myocardial infarction (heart attack). Nitroglycerin works by dilating blood vessels, which helps to reduce the workload of the heart and improve blood flow to heart muscle. For this medication to be effective and safe, it is crucial that there are no contraindications present—such as low blood pressure or the use of certain medications that could cause harmful interactions.

In the context of the other choices, none indicate a scenario where nitroglycerin would be appropriate. Severe headache and high blood pressure typically require different treatment approaches, abdominal pain and nausea may suggest other underlying issues unrelated to cardiac conditions, and muscle spasms and joint pain are not related to the cardiovascular system. Therefore, the first choice accurately represents the correct situation for nitroglycerin use, ensuring it is given to a patient likely experiencing cardiac distress without contraindications.